| 1. penury |
PEN′-yƏ-ree |
赤贫，缺乏 |
| Latin [penuria] |
|
need, neediness |
| penurious |
pƏ-NYR′-ee-Əs |
贫穷的，赤贫的 |
| parsimonious/parsimony |
PAHR′-sƏ-mō′-nee |
过渡节俭的，吝啬的/过度节俭，吝啬 |
| indigence |
IN′-dƏ-jƏns |
贫乏，穷困 |
| indigent |
IN′-dƏ-jƏnt |
贫乏的，穷困的 |
| destitution |
des′-tƏ-T′-shƏn |
贫乏，穷困 |
| destitute |
DES′-tƏ-tt |
极度缺乏的，贫乏的 |
| Latin [ad-] |
|
toward (changing to af- bfore a root beginning with f) |
| Latin [fluo] |
|
to flow |
| affluence |
AF′-l-Əns |
富裕，富足 |
| affluent |
AF′-l-Ənt |
富裕的 |
| fluid |
|
流利的 |
| influence |
|
影响 |
| confluence |
|
回流 |
| Latin [opulentus] |
|
wealthy |
| opulence |
OP′-yƏ-lƏns |
富裕，豪华 |
| opulent |
OP′-yƏ-lƏnt |
富裕的，豪华的 |
| 2. vicarious |
vī-KAĪR′-ee-Əs |
间接体验的，代理的，感同身受的 |
| 3. ephemeral |
Ə-FEM′-Ə-rƏl |
短暂的，瞬息的 |
| Greek [ephemera] |
|
dayfly |
| [e-] |
|
out |
| [vanesco] |
|
to vanish |
| evanescent |
|
短暂的，迅速消失遗忘的 |
| evanesce |
|
(v.) （生命周期短暂）逐渐消失，隐没begin to vanish |
| [-ent] |
|
adjective suffix |
| [-esce] |
|
begin to |
| adolesent |
|
begin to grow up。青春期 |
| putrescent |
|
begin to rot. 将腐烂的，腐败的 |
| convalesce |
|
begin to get well 康复 |
| obsolesent |
|
becoming obsolete 逐步废弃的 |
| 4. euphemism |
Y′-fƏ-miz-Əm |
委婉语，委婉说法 |
| Greek [eu-] |
|
good |
| Greek [pheme] |
|
voice |
| [-ism] |
|
noun suffix |
| euphemistic |
|
委婉的 |
| euphony |
|
good sound. 谐音 |
| euphonic/euphonous |
|
好听的 |
| eulogy |
|
颂词，颂文 |
| [logos] |
|
science, study |
| [logos] |
|
word, speech |
| philology |
|
语言学 |
| monologue |
|
独白 |
| dialogue |
|
对话 |
| epilogue |
|
结语 |
| prologue |
|
开场白，序言 |
| eulogistic/eulogize/eulogist |
|
做颂词的/称赞，颂扬/赞颂者 |
| euphoria |
|
good feeling。幸福感，精神欢快 |
| Greek [thanatos] |
|
death |
| euthanasia |
|
安乐死 |
| 5. badinage |
BAD′-Ə-nƏj |
打趣，玩笑 |
| cliche |
|
once new and fresh, but which now is so old. "You speak in cliches" |
| bromide |
|
溴化物，安眠药，陈词滥调 |
| Greek [platus] |
|
flat |
| [-tude] |
|
noun suffix。表示状态 |
| platitude |
|
老生常谈 |
| platitudinous |
|
平凡的，陈腐的 |
| Greek [an-] |
|
negative prefix |
| Greek [odyne] |
|
pain |
| anodyne |
|
止痛的，镇痛的，四平八稳的 |
| 6. bovine |
BŌ′-vīn′ |
牛的，关于牛的，迟钝的. A bovine person is somwhat like a vegetable: eats and grows and lives, but apparently is lacking in any strong feelings |
| Latin [bovis] |
|
ox, cow |
| Latin [-ine] |
|
like, similar to |
| Latin [leo] |
|
lion |
| leonine |
|
lion like |
| Latin [canis] |
|
dog |
| canine |
|
dog-like |
| Latin [felis] |
|
cat |
| feline |
|
cat-like |
| Latin [porcus] |
|
pig |
| porcine |
|
piglike |
| Latin [vulpus] |
|
fox |
| vulpine |
|
foxlike (in appearance or temperament) 狐狸似的，狡猾的 |
| Latin [lupus] |
|
wolf |
| lupine |
|
wolflike 狼的，似狼的 |
| lupus |
|
狼疮，天狼座 |
| Latin [ursus] |
|
bear |
| ursine |
|
bearlike 熊的，像熊的 |
| Ursa Major and Ursa Minor |
|
大熊星系，小熊星 |
| Ursula |
|
a little bear |
| Latin [equus] |
|
horse |
| equine |
|
horselike |
| Latin [piscis] |
|
fish |
| piscine |
|
fishlike，鱼的 |
| 7. nostalgia |
nƏ-STAL′-jƏ |
怀念，念旧，怀旧 |
| Greek [nostos] |
|
a return |
| Greek [algos] |
|
pain |
| nostalgic |
|
怀旧的，乡愁的，令人怀念的 |
| 8. cacophony |
kƏ-KOF′-Ə-nee |
发音不和谐 |
| Greek [kakos] |
|
bad，harsh，ugly |
| cacophonous |
|
发音不和谐的 |
| phonograph |
|
留声机 |
| saxophone |
|
萨克斯管 |
| xylophone |
|
木琴 |
| phonetics |
|
发音学，语音学 |
| phonics |
|
the science of sound。声学 |
| 9. carnivorous |
kahr-NIV′-Ər-Əs |
肉食的 |
| [carnis] |
|
flesh |
| carnelian |
|
color of red flesh |
| carnival |
|
狂欢节 |
| carnal |
|
世俗的，肉体的，性欲的 |
| carnage |
|
great destruction of life。大屠杀 |
| reincarnation |
|
再投胎，再生 |
| incarnate |
|
人体化的，拟人化的 |
| [voro] |
|
to devour |
| Latin [herba] |
|
herb, 草本植物 |
| herbivorous |
|
素食的 |
| voracious |
|
贪吃的，贪婪的。voracious eater, voracious reader, voracious in one's pursuit of money |
| Latin [omni] |
|
all |
| omnivorous |
|
杂食性的 |
| Latin [potens，potentis] |
|
powerful |
| omnipotent |
|
权力无限的 |
| impotent |
|
无力的，虚弱的 |
| potentate |
|
君主，统治者 |
| potent |
|
强有力的，有权势的 |
| potential |
|
潜在的，潜力的 |
| omniscient |
|
all-knowing，无所不知的 |
| omnipresent |
|
无所不在的 |
| Latin [ubique] |
|
everywhere |
| ubiquity |
|
无处不在的 |
| omnibus |
|
公共汽车，文库 |
| 10. clandestine |
klan-DES′-tin |
秘密的，私下的，暗中的 |
| Latin [clam] |
|
secretly |
| [rept-] |
|
creep, 爬 |
| surreptitious |
|
鬼鬼祟祟的 |